Yes, adhesions can cause ovarian cysts. In my case, the egg would get caught in a pelvic adhesion, could not go through its normal process of passing through the uterus. It would then seal itself off and would bleed into itself - and get bigger. They were the reason I had several surgerys because they would become very big, grapefruit-size, and cause tremendous amounts of pain. So my OBGYN also offered to remove the ovary. I had no choice due to the size of the cyst - that just kept getting bigger.
I hope this helps
Tina